The Parisian club has now claimed the prestigious cup on 14 separate times.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past Marseille in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup victory.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a comfortable triumph in the match between the French league winners and the French Cup holders after Ousmane Dembele found the net in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side struck two times late to seize a shock lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking turn of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial equaliser in the final moments to send the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, saving decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing shootout win.
The record winners PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this trophy for the 12th time in the past 13 years.
